Sea Apple - Australian - Pseudocolochirus violaceus - Philippine Sea Apple

Taxonomy: Sea Apple – Australian belongs to the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea, Order Dendrochirotida, Family Cucumariidae, Genus Pseudocolochirus and Species violaceus.

Scientific names: The scientific name of Sea Apple – Australian is Pseudocolochirus violaceus.

Other Common Names: Sea Apple – Australian is also commonly called as Violet Sea Cucumber.

Origin or natural range: Sea Apple – Australian originates from the eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean including Australia.

Size: Pseudocolochirus violaceus grows to a length of around seven inches or eighteen centimeters.

Color: Sea Apple – Australian comes in the color variations and the combinations of red, blue, pink and yellow.

Compatibility: Pseudocolochirus violaceus is non-aggressive towards the other marine aquarium invertebrates.

Habit & Habitat:

• Sea Apple – Australian is found on hard surface such as coral reefs, at a depth of around twelve meters or forty feet from the sea level.
• Pseudocolochirus violaceus may secrete poisonous membranes if it is stressed or if it dies. The toxins are called holothurin and holotoxin.

Morphology:

• Pseudocolochirus violaceus is a large sized and one of the most poisonous sea cucumber.
• The body of Sea Apple – Australian is curved with the Pseudocolochirus violaceus’ anterior and posterior tips pointed upwards.
• The feet of Sea Apple – Australian are tubular and are arranged in three longitudinal rows on the ventral side of the cucumber’s body.
• Small pointed projections called papillae are located dorsally in two rows on the body of Pseudocolochirus violaceus.
• Sea Apple – Australian has ten purple colored tentacles with white tips.

Breeding:

• The sexes of Pseudocolochirus violaceus are separate that is, there exist male Sea Apple – Australian and their female counterparts.
• The Female Sea Apple – Australian has a few millimeters long tube having a gonopore at its top, while the males’ tube has some papillae at the tip of the tube.
• The males and the females of Sea Apple – Australian, release sperms and eggs, respectively, in the water where they get fertilized, forming larva.

Growth enabling environment in your marine aquarium:

• Temperature of water: Seventy-two to seventy-eight degrees Fahrenheit.
• Specific gravity of water: 1.023 to 1.025.
• pH of water: 8.10 to 8.40.
• Illumination: Sea Apple – Australian requires light in the marine aquarium it inhabits.
• Feeding & Nutrition:
• Sea Apple – Australian is a suspension feeder wherein it expands its tentacles that are coated slightly with mucus to stick the prey on to them.
• Pseudocolochirus violaceus is Omnivorous in feeding habit and eats algae, detritus and the meaty bits of seafood, fish, krill and shrimp.

Care:

• Pseudocolochirus violaceus is very difficult to maintain owing to its poisonous nature.
• Fluctuations in the pH of water may be detrimental for the health of Sea Apple – Australian.
• The high levels of Copper and Nitrates in the water may prove lethal for Pseudocolochirus violaceus.
• The health of Sea Apple – Australian can be adversely affected if the water parameters of your marine aquarium violate the specific standards.

Caution:

• Pseudocolochirus violaceus is poisonous in nature and therefore, should be handled and maintained by expert aquarists only.
• Sea Apple – Australian may secrete poisonous membranes if it is stressed in anyway, such as when threatened or when spawning and even after its death. If Sea Apple – Australian dies then, change the water of your marine aquarium several times. Keep some carbon tied in a net near your aquarium’s filter to eliminate even the traces of toxins.
• The poison of Sea Apple – Australian may be lethal for fish in your marine aquarium. Therefore, do not keep fish and the cucumber in the same reef tank.
• Sea Apple – Australian secretes poison when it is disturbed therefore; do not keep Sea Urchins and Sea Stars in the same tank with Sea Apple as they may disturb it.

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